candy shoes Review Essay Example

candy shoes Review Paper Essay on candy shoes I can not say I loved it. Chocolate plot to continuing not ask, therefore, probably, candy shoes seemed unnecessary frills that soon this diluted intense emotions from reading the first book, than to prolong the pleasure The plot is very simple. Viani decides to change his way of life, to give his plainness from magic, from love to the creation of chocolate and in that whatever was to settle in one place for the sake of children. Yes it is the children, not the child: the heroine is born another daughter Rosette. So, before us is a boring, ordinary woman who has decided to mutilate his own I, sincerely believing that makes it good. Can you believe it ?! I no, and only with great inner dissatisfaction took this plot the course of the author And then one day at the door of her chocolate shop there is some stranger who turns out to be a witch, had his eye on the nascent force Anouk.. (Mystics candy shoes, by the way, is much more than a chocolate, and it ceases to be a light, subtle seasoning, becoming almost-based dishes) And there have Vian enemies who are, after all, and say thank you for the return of the old cheerful, smiling, friendly, bright and active Chocolate machines. That is waiting for us a happy ending We will write a custom essay sample on candy shoes Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on candy shoes Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on candy shoes Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We met and old friend -. Roux, who, it turns out, all these years about Viani and thought forget! Another uninteresting and unnatural course writer. staleness gives a sentimental turn with a happy reunion Vianna and her real mother. It is fair to say that the space allocated to it a little bit (what he does is unclear probably to the heap, as sketched still a lot of things to a heap) In general intrigue weave Harris failed. It seems that insidious Zozi (the same witch who Anouk decided to lure) of everything in their nets navpletala (and past a sniff, and Anouk charmed and fraud went, and the name Vianna blackened, and her mother sought out, and the people -zavsegdataev tamed, etc ), and as a result some turned zilch -. even hurt but pleased with animated description of Paris, the young and the old, mysterious and ordinary, the mystical and real, as well as anywhere Harris did not devsheesya skill in describing the wonderful aromas and flavors of chocolate fairyland x sweets, from which salivate excessively. In general, the book is good, taken separately, but can not be compared, if we consider it as a continuation of Chocolate. Agree even candy sometimes very nice, but never compare with real chocolate;)

Abstinence essays

Abstinence essays In the article Abstinence by Ray Hoskins (Slife, 1994) it is stated that abstinence is the only way that a person with an addiction can recover. On the other hand Michael S. Levy states in his article Individualized Care For The Treatment Of Alcoholism (Slife, 1994) that abstinence may not the best way to treat an addiction, but that the best way to treat an addiction depends on each individuals specific needs. It is clear that the only way a person can strive and conquer an addiction is to completely distance themselves from the cause of that addiction, in the case of an alcoholic; they must distance themselves from alcohol. To understand abstinence we must first understand what the terms addict and addiction mean. According to Websters Dictionary (1996) addict is defined as, surrendering (oneself) habitually or compulsively to something, as caffeine or alcohol. To break down this definition, we can say that an addict is a person that creates a habit on relying on a substance (alcohol) or an act (sex). With the understanding of what an addict is we can define addiction as a state of mind where one depends upon a substance (alcohol) or an act (sex) that affects their daily life in some form, usually in a negative way. For example in Levys Individualized Care For The Treatment Of Alcoholism (Slife, 1994) case vignette 5 states; L...a 30 year old, married male...described his drinking most every day, but was most concerned about his heavy drinking with loss of control, which generally occurred three times a week. In this case we can see that L was showing signs of addiction towards alcohol in the ways that he formed a habit, drinking everyday, and it affected his life, losing control. When a person does become addicted to a substance such as alcohol the only way to successfully stop the addiction is through the means of abstinence, or stopping completely ...

Principles of Critical Care Nursing - Leadership and teamwork when Essay - 1

Principles of Critical Care Nursing - Leadership and teamwork when planning care and making decisions - Essay Example Besides, the clinicians must ascertain the patient’s variables such as salt and diet intakes alongside the ability to adhere to the therapeutic regimen (Aronson, 2009). It is critical to maintaining optimal potassium levels of at least 4.0 mmol/L for this particular patient besides a routine potassium monitoring. There is also need for the joint administration of Magnesium to enhance the cellular uptake of potassium (Urden, Stacy & Lough, 2014)). The Intravenous piggyback infusions of electrolyte require that the administration be executed based on free-flow protected devices such as an infusion pump. Patients must meet certain conditions before the initiation of the Potassium (SCr 40Kg). The electrolyte replacement protocols such as potassium Phosphate or Chloride may be ordered individually or jointly (Kee, Paulanka & Polek, 2010). Initiating intravenous Potassium therapy is hazardous and should meet certain strict requirements. The intravenous treatment of hypokalemia has to be instigated only when the enteral route cannot be availed or confirmed not to achieve the standard elevation of serum Potassium based a clinically set timeframe (Kee, Paulanka & Polek, 2010). The guidelines for initiation of replacing Potassium must be determined by the urgency of Potassium replacement and should only be performed in case of cardiac arrhythmia, low serum Potassium (

Recurring U.S. Government Spending and Debt Ceiling Crises Assignment

Recurring U.S. Government Spending and Debt Ceiling Crises - Assignment Example Increase in worsening of economic condition will result in further decline of the value of the US dollar. Question 3: The overall healthcare expenditure of the United States of America will increase by 6.1 percent due to Obama Care Act in 2014 and Morgan states that this estimate is lesser than the previous estimates of increase in government spending by 7.4% (Morgan 1). An increase of 6.1% will result in a total expenditure of $3 trillion on the healthcare system. Question 4: From the period of 2009 to 2013 the Medicare spending increased at an average of 0.02 trillion. During the period of 2009 it was 0.42 trillion and during the period of 2013 it was 049 trillion, while it fell from 0.48 trillion of 2011 to 0.47 trillion in 2012. It is expected that in 2014 it would rise to 0.52 trillion (usgovernmentspending.com 1). Question 5: The United States has budgeted that its overall government spending for the period of 2014 will be 3.7 trillion and this will include spending on pensions, health care, defense as well as welfare (usfederalbudget.us 1). In order to cover this budget of 3.7 trillion, the government has projected to collect a total of 3.0 trillion on tax revenues (usgovernmentrevenue.com 1). This means that a total of 0.7 trillion in tax revenues need to be increased to cover all government spending. Question 6: By the end of 2013 the United States’ federal government debt to GDP ratio was 101.6% and by the period of 2003 it was 59.5%. This means that the debt to GDP ratio of the United States Federal government has almost increased by 66% in 10 years time period which is quite an alarming situation (tradingeconomics.com 1). Question 7: The FED or Federal Reserve Bank of United States already owns 64% of the debt of United States government (Jeffrey 1). The FED owns this amount since it is purchasing government bonds in order to help the federal government to

Personal Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Plan - Essay Example Such a culture would provide room for innovation and creativity. The work schedule in such a culture would be convenient and suitable for individual employees. An ideal workplace culture would be the one in which goals, jobs, and expectations are clear. The management would be considerate and there would not be clashing demands. The culture would provide a supportive environment and encourage personal development and feedback. It would be a stable environment and one that provides for recognition of effort and celebration of success. Employees would enjoy working in such a workplace (Lawler & Thye, 2006). I think there is a relationship between effective study habits and techniques and being successful in such work cultures. Motivating oneself to study by setting goals would inculcate personal discipline that is crucial for success in the workplace. Timetabling or charting one’s time usage teaches how to manage, effectively, time even when in the workplace. Effective listening skills are useful to students and they go a long way to determining how the individual will get along with seniors and colleagues in the workplace. Participating in-group discussions equips individuals with skills necessary for teamwork that is an important factor influencing success at the workplace. Taking breaks is an effective study technique, is also needed for success in the workplace because it allows individuals to reenergize and refresh, and prevents burn out (Lawler & Thye, 2006). My blind spots help me identify how it would feel working in a particular workplace. Some workplaces elicit strong negative reactions while others elicit strong positive reactions. I consider working in the latter and avoid the former. One of my strengths is optimism and I consider working in a place that will help me live positively. Self-motivation is my strength and I look forward to working in a

Congestive Heart Failure Introduction Of Patient Nursing Essay

Congestive Heart Failure Introduction Of Patient Nursing Essay This cases study was conducted on February 13th, 2012. This patient will be identified by the initials AH throughout this paper. AH is a 91-year-old Caucasian female. Her mood is as expected for her age and culture. This patient agreed to work with me during her hospital stay and continuation of follow up information after discharge. AH was admitted to the hospital on February 09th, 2012 onto the medical floor. This patient was brought into the emergency department by her son, DH, at approximately 9:00 a.m. on February 09, 2012. AH stated she had an increase of shortness of breath, weakness throughout her body, and her ankles were swollen. When asked about the history of these symptoms, AH stated these symptoms have been present since Sunday February 05, 2012. AH went into the doctors office in her hometown and was told to go into the emergency department at the hospital by the physician. On assessment at the emergency department, AH had a temperature of 96.9 degrees Fahrenheit, a pulse of 130 beats per minutes, respirations of 20 breaths per minute, blood pressure of 192 systolic over 105 diastolic, and a pain level of 0 out of 10 on the pain rating scale. Assessment findings were crackles, bilaterally with auscultation, a non-productive cough occasionally, irregular heart rate, 3+ pitting edema bilaterally in lower extremities from the knee down and in feet. This patient had a delayed capillary refill and neck vein distension. AH also had palpable pulses with upper extremity pulses being strong and lower extremity pulses being weak. This patient was admitted with congestive heart failure and atrial flutter with rapid ventricular response. This patient has a history of hypertension, arthritis, hard of hearing, occasional urinary tract inf ections and had a myocardial infarction in 1990. AH had two previous surgical procedures in her life. She has had a left hip replacement in 2006 and a right hip replacement in 2007. AH denies any significant family health history. She also denies any current use or history of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, or drug use. She is not on any supplemental oxygen at home. AH was able to state name, dose, and reason for home medications. These medications are Bumex water pill 1 MG orally taken daily, Clonidine blood pressure pill 0.1 MG orally taken three times a day, Metoprolol blood pressure pill 50MG orally taken daily, and Nitroglycerin for heart 2.5MG orally taken two times a day. I was able to do a total head to toe assessment on February 13, 2012. AH is 182.90 pounds, 60.00 inches tall, and has a body mass index of 35.72. AH is categorized as obese with this body mass index result. This patient is alert and oriented to person, place, and time. This patients pupils are equal, responsive, and reacts to light upon inspection. AH does have slight pitosis of the right upper eyelid. This patient does wear eyeglasses to read. Her total Glasgow Coma Scale is rated at a 15 out of 15. This is a perfect score and shows no impairments. This patient communicates verbally with no problems. AH has full movement in all four extremities and has intact circulation, movement, and sensation. When asked about history of falls, AH stated she had no current or past falls. Her skin is pink, warm, and dry without diaphoresis but has slight purplish discoloration bilaterally on shins from knee to ankle. When assessing AH respiratory status, she stated that she was not experiencing an y distress or shortness of breath currently but does experience this with exertion. AH is not on any supplemental oxygen. Her oxygen saturation was at 94% on room air. Upon auscultation this patients lungs were clear bilaterally in upper lobes and diminished bilaterally in lower lobes. Her respirations were at 16 breaths per minute. Her chest configuration is symmetrical. I did observe a weak non-productive cough occasionally during this assessment. During the cardiovascular assessment, apical pulse was 84 and her radial pulse was 80. This showed a pulse deficit of 4 beats per minute, which could be due to the irregular heartbeat (atrial flutter) with the rapid ventricular response. Patient was on telemetry to monitor for abnormalities during admission. S1 and S2 were heart upon auscultation. AH had a blood pressure of 167 systolic over 82 diastolic on her right upper extremity. AH did have distended neck veins upon inspection, which is a sign of congestive heart failure. AH denied any chest pain. This patient does not have any implanted cardiac defibrillator or pacemaker. This patients abdomen was soft and non-tender with bowel sounds active in all four quadrants. She is on a low sodium diet and states that she does follow the diet restrictions but when asked about exact amount of allowed sodium intake patient did not know. During her hospital stay AH was on a fluid restriction of 1.5 liters per 24 hours. Patient was able to adhere to fluid restriction but states she is on no fluid restriction at home. AH is continent of stool and urine but had Foley catheter in place per physician orders. AH is full weight bearing and has a steady gait but does use a walker for an assistive device while at the hospital. AH states she uses a wheelchair at home. AH has active range of motion and shows no limitations or discomfort within normal limits. AH was under no precautions or isolation. She had five different medications that I administered to her during her admission to the hospital that ranged from antibiotics, hypertension medications, to diuretics. These will be discussed individually in the following systems breakdowns. When asked about cancer screenings, AH denied any annual appointments. AH stated that she was not worried about this currently. AH also does not obtain influenza or pneumococcal vaccines annually and her last tetanus vaccine was unknown. From observation, this patients health promotion is low and patient may need education on importance to her health. When assessing this patients home life, AH stated she has never had any physical or emotional abuse. AH lives at home with her son DH. Her husband passed away several years ago so she arranged for her son to come live with her. DH provides transportation and assistance with activities of daily living for AH. She has a loving relationship with her son and he assists her with medical decisions. She states she is not afraid of her living situation. AH complied with medical regimen and asked questions when she was not sure of the situation. When asked about the history of her congestive heart failure and length of time she has been diagnose d, AH did not understand that she had congestive heart failure and did not know how long she has had this condition. She stated she would speak with her new physician. She will be set up with a new primary physician since she does not currently have one. With this information, this indicates an need for additional information about primary condition due to deficient knowledge stated by patient. Pathophysiology of Congestive Heart Failure The heart, blood vessels, and blood are components that make up the cardiovascular system. The pumping action of the heart consists of contraction and relaxation of the myocardial (muscle) layer of the heart. Each contraction and relaxation that occurs consists of one cardiac cycle. During diastole (relaxation), the ventricles fill with blood. Systole (ventricular contraction) then occurs, which propels the blood out of the ventricles and into the circulation. Cardiac performance can be calculated by measuring the cardiac output. Cardiac output is the amount of blood moving through either systemic or the pulmonary circuit per minute. (Huether McCance, 2008) Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying stroke volume (volume of blood ejected per beat during systole) and heart rate. The amount of blood a ventricle ejects during the cardiac cycle is called ejection fraction. Ejection fraction is calculated by stroke volume divided by end-diastolic volume (blood left in the blood after di astole). The normal ejection fraction is from 50%-70%. A decrease of ejection fraction is a hallmark sign of ventricular fraction, such as left-sided heart failure. The factors that determine cardiac output are preload, afterload, contractility, and heart rate. Preload is the volume and associated pressure generated in the ventricle at the end of diastole (ventricular end-diastolic volume). Preload is determined by the amount of venous return to the ventricle and the blood left in the ventricle after systole (end-systolic volume). Afterload is the resistance the heart has to overcome to eject blood from the left ventricle. Heart failure is a term for the inability of the heart to work effectively as a pump. It results from different acute and chronic cardiovascular problems. The major types of heart failure are left-sided heart failure, right-sided heart failure, and high-output heart failure. The focus of this case study will be on left sided heart failure. Most heart failure starts out with failure of the left ventricle and progresses to both ventricles failing. Typical causes of left-sided heart failure are hypertension, coronary artery, and valvular disease. Decreased tissue perfusion from poor cardiac output and pulmonary congestion indicate left ventricular failure. Left-sided heart failure is also known as congestive heart failure; however not all cases of left ventricular failure involve fluid accumulation. Left-sided heart failure can be further broke down to systolic heart failure and diastolic heart failure. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) Systolic heart failure happens when the heart is unable to contract forcefully enough during systole to eject sufficient amounts of blood into the circulation. Preload increases with decreased contractility, and afterload increases as a result of increased peripheral resistance in the vascular spaces (hypertension). The percentage of blood ejected from the heart during systole (ejection fraction) drops from the normal range (50%-70%) down to 40%. As this percentage decreases, tissue perfusion decreases and blood backs up into the pulmonary vessels. This creates symptoms of systemic and pulmonary congestion. Diastolic heart failure occurs when the left ventricle cannot relax enough during the rest period. When the ventricle cannot relax enough, stiffening of the ventricle occurs and prevents the ventricle from filling up with sufficient blood to ensure adequate cardiac output. This ventricle becomes less compliant because more pressure is needed to move the same amount of volume compa red to a healthy heart. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) When cardiac output is unable to meet the demands of the body, other areas of the body start to increase their workload to improve cardiac output. Theses mechanisms start off helping cardiac output increase but eventually have a damaging effect on the function of cardiac pumping. The compensatory mechanisms of heart failure are stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, activation of the renin-angiotension system, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, release of natriuretic peptides, release of vasopressin, and myocardial hypertrophy. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) These compensatory mechanisms will be discussed further in the appropriate body systems throughout this case study. There are many presenting signs and symptoms of heart failure that a patient may have. Signs and symptoms of left-sided heart failure are restlessness, confusion, orthopnea, tachycardia, dyspnea with exertion, fatigue, cyanosis, cough, crackles, wheezes, blood-tinged sputum, and tachypnea. AH has several of these problems. She has tachycardia, dyspnea with exertion, fatigue, orthopnea, occasional cough, tachypnea, and crackles heard with auscultation. These problems make AHs activities of daily living hard to perform at times. She does not use any supplemental oxygen during any of these times. AH is also showing signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure that could indicate that her condition is progressing. These symptoms are distended jugular veins, and dependent edema. These symptoms of right-sided heart failure can be due to her history of a myocardial infarction, which could have caused the right ventricle to try and compensate for the increase in pulmonary circulation. Thi s leads to the right ventricle to dilate and begin to fail. This is the cause of the distended jugular veins and edema because the systemic venous circulation increases with the compensation of the right ventricle. Treatment of these symptoms is managed with the treatment of left-sided heart failure. (Huether McCance, 2008) There are several risk factors that put a patient at risk for heart failure. Common risk factors that put a patient at risk for heart failure are hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, substance abuse with alcohol and tobacco use, dysrhythmias, cardiac infections and inflammations, diabetes mellitus, family history, obesity, and conditions such as hyperthyroidism. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) AH has several of these risk factors. She has a history of hypertension, obesity, atrial flutter (dysrhythmia), and past myocardial infarction. All of these have a negative affect on the cardiovascular system and lead to the worsening this patients heart failure. Lifestyle modifications can be made to decrease how some of these risk factors affect this patient. Dietary changes such as watching weight, low sodium, and balanced meals could reduce this patients obesity and hypertension. Also, adhering to medication regimen assists with controlling hypertension and removing retained water from the body. Chest x-rays can be helpful in the diagnosis of left ventricular failure. The problem with chest x-rays is that it may lag behind the clinical findings as much as 24 hours. You may see that the heart is enlarged (cardiomegaly) which can be due to hypertrophy and dilation. AH had a chest x-ray done on February 08, 2012. The reason this was done was because of dyspnea. Results obtained from physician were trachea midline, mild prominence of interstitial markings in bilateral lung fields without lobar consolidation, basilar atelectasis, elevated left hemidiaphragm, no evidence of pneumothorax or pleural effusion, mild cardiomegaly, ectatic aorta with vascular calcification and degenerative changes involving shoulder joints. Echocardiograms are considered the best tool in the diagnosis of heart failure. You can see changes in the valves, fluid accumulation in the pericardial space (pericardial effusion), chamber enlargement, and ventricular hypertrophy. This test can also determine eject ion fraction, which shows how bad the ventricular hypertrophy is decreasing the amount of blood ejected from that ventricle. An electrocardiogram may show ventricular hypertrophy, dysrhythmias such as atrial flutter with AH, and any degree of myocardial injury but is not helpful in determining the presence or extent of heart failure. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010). This test would be helpful for this patient due to the fact of having a dysrhythmia and also have a past myocardial infarction. Laboratory assessments can also be helpful in diagnosis of heart failure. Electrolyte imbalances may occur from heart failure or because of side effects of medications, especially diuretics such as Bumex with AH. Regular assessments of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and chloride, are obtained. Any impairment of renal function resulting from inadequate perfusion causes the patients blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine to be elevated and a decrease in creatinine clearance levels. A urinalysis can show if there is an increased amount of protein present in the urine and an elevated specific gravity due to the kidneys not adequately working. Hemoglobin and Hematocrit levels should be obtained to check to see if the heart failure is from anemia, which is a low level of red blood cells. This can be caused from the kidneys not creating enough erythropoietin, which regulates red blood cell production. B-Type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is used for diagnosing heart failure in patient s with dyspnea. An increase in BNP helps determine whether it is dyspnea from heart failure or lung dysfunction. Patients with atrial dysrhythmias and renal disease may also have elevated BNP levels. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) AH does have an atrial dysrhythmia (atrial flutter), which could cause an elevated BNP level even without the heart failure. Arterial blood gases could show if the patient is hypoxic due to the low oxygen level from fluid filled alveoli. Respiratory alkalosis could occur because of hyperventilation, respiratory acidosis could occur because of the carbon dioxide retention, and metabolic acidosis could be present from accumulation of lactic acid. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010). AH did not have arterial blood gas values drawn to look at any abnormalities. TEST RANGE DATE: 02-08-12 DATE: 02-11-12 DATE: 02-13-12 WBC 5,000-10,000 mm3 8.89 mm3 10.00 mm3 RBC 4.2-6.1 X10 / g 4.70 5.11 HGB 11.5-17.5 g/dl 13.8 g/dl 14.8 g/dl HCT 40-52% 43.7% 46.8 % PLATELETS 150,000-400,000 mm3 194,000 mm3 207,000 mm3 NEUTROPHILS 55-70% 78.0% 78.8 % LYMPHOCYTES 20-40% 10.3% 9.5 % MONOCYTES 2-8% 8.7% 9.2 % EOSINOPHILS 1-4% 1.7% 1.5 % BASOPHILS 0.5-1.0% 1.3% 1.0 % SODIUM 135-145 mEq/L 142 mEq/L 138 mEq/L 13 mEq/L CHLORIDE 98-106 mEq/L 105 mEq/L 98 mEq/L 93 mEq/L POTASSIUM 3.5-5.0 mEq/L 5.5 mEq/L 5.0 mEq/L 4.2 mEq/L CO2 24-30 mEq/L 28 mEq/L 28 mEq/L 35 mEq/L MAGNESIUM 1.3-2.1 mEq/L 1.9 mEq/L CALCIUM 9.0-10.5 mg/dl 7.7 mg/dl 7.8 mg/dl 7.3 mg/dl BUN 10-20 mg/dl 45 mg/dl 68 mg/dl 68 mg/dl CREATININE 0.5-1.2 mg/dl 1.29 mg/dl 1.58 mg/dl 1.52 mg/dl GFR 39 37 39 GLUCOSE 70-110 mg/dl 108 mg/dl AST 0-35 U/L 47 U/L ALT 4-36 IU/L 112 IU/L BNP 952 361 TROPONIN I 0.10 0.07 Treatments for heart failure are a combination of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies. Treatment often focuses on a combination of afterload-reduction with angiotension-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, reduction of catecholamine surges with beta blockers, and preload reduction with diuretics. ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotension II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor, from angiotension I. This will allow the patients blood pressure to lower to a normal range by vasodilation and also prevents ventricular remodeling (alteration in the structure and function of the heart). These medications are recommended for all patients with heart failure with lowered systolic function. With these medications you need to monitor for adverse effects such as dry hacking cough, hypotension, and renal dysfunction. AH was given Lisinopril 10MG tab QD during her hospital admission. Beta blockers protect the heart from the harmful effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine which a re circulating neurohormones released as a compensatory mechanism. This is aimed to reverse ventricular remodeling. Beta blockers help reduce mortality when combined with ACE inhibitors. This combination is referred to as the cornerstone of heart failure treatment. AH was given Lopressor 100MG tab BID to inhibit beta 2 adrenorecpetors of bronchial and vascular smooth muscle. (Jones Bartlett, 2010). This medication helps lower blood pressure and relieve patient of symptoms of heart failure. Diuretics are a key aspect in the relief of dyspnea and signs of sodium and water retention. This helps reduce blood pressure by removing extra fluid in the circulation. Also, putting the patient on sodium restriction decreases the resistance of diuretics. These medications can also be the first line of treatment for older adults with heart failure and fluid overload. AH was administered Bumex 1MG tab BID. This is a loop diuretic, which means it inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending Loop of Henle and enhances potassium excretion. (Jones Bartlett, 2010) With this medication you must monitor the patients labs to prevent hypokalemia. Another treatment option for heart failure is cardiac glycosides. These drugs increase intracellular calcium, which increases contraction of the heart. Their function results from an increased cardiac output by increasing the force of contraction of the heart. (Jones Bartlett, 2010). Digoxin was the cardiac glycoside administered to AH during her hospital admission. AH received 125MCG tab QD. Potential benefits of this medication are increased contractility, reduced heart rate, slowing of conduction through the atrioventricular node and inhibition of sympathetic activity while enhancing parasympathetic activity. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010). Monitoring potassium levels is very important for this medication due to lower levels causing patients to be more sensitive to digoxin, which can cause digitalis toxicity. These sign s and symptoms are also vague and nonspecific and include; anorexia, fatigue, changes in mental status and dysrhythmias. Watch for a loss of the P wave on an electrocardiogram. Also, you must monitor apical pulse and heart rhythm on these patients. You must make sure the heart rate is above 60 beats per minute. Any drug that increases the workload of the heart will also increase its oxygen demand. Patients should be monitored for chest pain while taking digoxin. Non-pharmacological interventions for heart failure are ventilation assistance, energy management, and nutrition therapy. Ventilation assistance is an important aspect of treatment for heart failure patients. This allows the patient to have adequate oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs. Depending on the patients oxygen saturation and dyspnea, they may need supplemental oxygen prescribed by the physician. Positioning the patient in a high Fowlers position, and keeping the head of the bed elevated over 45 degrees will minimize respiratory efforts. AH did not receive supplemental oxygen, but maintained adequate ventilation by sitting in a bed side chair most of the time during her admission. She was unable to sleep in the hospital bed due to complaints of orthopnea so she also needed to sleep in the chair. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) Energy management will help prevent fatigue and perform activities of daily living to the best of their ability. Steps to take to promote ener gy management is monitor patient response to activity, determine patients physical limitations, encourage alternate rest and activity periods, arrange physical activities to reduce competition for oxygen supply to vital body functions, encourage physical activity, monitor patients oxygen response, and teach patient techniques of self-care that will minimize oxygen consumption. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) AH was able to ambulate to the bathroom when needed, but was unable to ambulate larger distances. She maintained adequate oxygenation with adequate rest periods when she became short of breath. AH is able to identify when these rest periods need to be taken on her own. Nutrition therapy is also a key aspect in the treatment of heart failure. This treatment targets sodium reduction and water retention. Physicians may prescribe sodium restrictions to decrease fluid retention. Since sodium follows water, a decrease in sodium allows for a decrease in retained water. AH was on a sodium restricted diet but was unable to state the exact amount of allowed daily sodium. All she could state was that she was not allowed to add extra salt to meals. Some patients are also placed on fluid restrictions. This allows for the body to excrete retained fluid in the body without having work harder with additional fluid intake. The restriction depends on the patient and the extent of the heart failure. AH was put on fluid restrictions by her physician. She was allowed 1.5 liters of fluid per 24 hours. AH was able to comply with this restriction. Assistive personnel need to be accurate in measuring intake and output for these patients. Weighing these patients daily is a key factor for heart failure. This allows seeing if the patient is retaining extra fluid which could cause congestion and result in worsened heart failure. 1 kilogram of weight gain or loss equals 1 liter of retained or lost fluid. The same scale should be used everyday at the same time of day (morning) wearing close to the same amount of clothing for the most accurate assessment of weight. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) Cardiovascular The heart, blood vessels, and blood all make up the cardiovascular system. The hearts pumps the blood through a network of blood vessels and delivers oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients to the cells and tissues of the body. This circulatory system also removes waste products of cellular metabolism. (Huether McCance, 2008). The blood is carried away from the heart by arteries that branch into capillaries and provide the body with all the nutrients needed to properly function. Veins carry the blood from the capillaries throughout the body back to the heart where the system starts the process over. Since AH has congestive heart failure (as described above), hypertension, atrial flutter, and previous myocardial infarction, her cardiovascular system is greatly affected. One compensatory mechanism that occurs in the cardiovascular system due to congestive heart failure is myocardial hypertrophy. This is enlargement of the myocardium and can be with or without dilation of the chamber. The heart walls thicken to provide more muscle mass. This results in more forceful contractions. This further increases cardiac output. Often a hypertrophied heart is slightly oxygen deprived. All the compensatory mechanisms contribute to an increase in consumption of myocardial oxygen. When the demand for oxygen increases, and the reserve of the myocardium has been exhausted, manifestations of heart failure develop. AH has a history of hypertension. Hypertension is a consistent elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure. It is defined as a sustained systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater systolic pressure or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater. (Huether McCance, 2008) There are four different classifications of hypertension. These are normal, prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension. AH is categorized in stage 2 hypertension with her systolic blood pressure ranging around 167 mm Hg. This stage of hypertension puts her at risk for damage to target organs such as her brain, kidneys, and heart. Since systolic hypertension is the most significant factor causing target organ damage, this puts AH at an even higher risk. AH also has an elevated diastolic blood pressure ranging around 82 mm Hg. She would be categorized as prehypertension with this value. When a patient has hypertension both by systolic and diastolic measurements, they are diagnosed with primar y hypertension. A specific cause for primary hypertension has not been identified but it is found that a combination of environmental and genetic factors can be the cause of development. Factors associated with primary hypertension are family history, advancing age, gender (more common in women after age 55), black race, high dietary sodium intake, glucose intolerance, cigarette smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol consumption, and low dietary intake of potassium, calcium, and magnesium. (Huether McCance, 2008) AH has several of these factors which are a family history of hypertension, advancing age, female gender, obesity, and poor nutritional status. Many of these factors are also risk factors for other cardiovascular disorders. With AH, the history of myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure all accumulate to poor cardiovascular effects. Pathophysiologic mechanisms mediate these effects that include; the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotension aldosterone system, and natriuretic peptides. The systemic arterial pressure is made up of cardiac output and total peripheral vascular resistance. Total peripheral vascular resistance is the resistance of blood flow in systemic blood vessels. Cardiac output is determined by multiplying stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected by the ventricle with each beat of the heart. Control of peripheral vascular resistance (dilation or constriction) is controlled by the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic) and circulating hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine). Any factor that affects peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate, or stroke volume affects systemic arterial pressure, which affects the patients blood pressure. If all increase, blood pressure will increase. If all decrease, blood pressure will decrease. Four control systems play a major role in maintaining blood pressure; the arterial baroreceptor system, regulation of body fluid volume, the renin-angiotension aldosterone system and vascular autoregulation. The arterial baroreceptors monitor the arterial pressure and counteract a rise in arterial pressure by mediated cardiac slowing and vasodilation. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010) Changes in fluid volume and renin-angiotension aldosterone system will be discussed further in the renal system. Patients with hypertension are often asymptomatic, however patients may have headaches, dizziness, fainting, facial flushing. AH had no complaints of any of these symptoms, but I did observe facial flushing. AH stated that she has had blood pressure issues for quite some time now. AH is on several medications to help assist the body in lowering her blood pressure. She is taking Lopressor 100 MG tab BID (beta blocker), Digoxin 125 MCG tab QD (cardiac glycoside), Lisinopril 10 MG tab QD (angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor) and also Bumex (loop diuretic). All of these medication help lower her blood pressure which will decrease the workload of the heart which assists in compensating in the effects of her congestive heart failure. Atrial flutter is a rapid depolarization occurring at a rate of 250 to 350 times per minute. This rapid depolarization is caused from the electrical current circulating in a small circle within the atria instead of moving from one end to the other. This current travels in a circle because conduction is slowed due to heart damage and the myocardial cells are unable to activate. (Huether McCance, 2008). This is considered a supraventricular tachycardia due to the fact that it is above the ventricle. The atrioventricular node (between the right atrium and right ventricle) in the heart blocks the number of impulses that reach the ventricles as a protective mechanism. (Ignatavicius Workman, 2010). Atrial flutter has many causes but two causes that are related to AH are ischemic heart disease (myocardial infarction), and heart failure. Symptoms are palpitations, weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath, nervousness, anxiety, syncope, angina, and signs of heart failure. AH has several of th ese symptoms but they also could be due to her heart failure. The patient with a normal ventricular rate is usually asymptomatic. Due to her left ventricle conducting at a slower rate, she is at risk for having these symptoms. With these

Comparing Wordsworth and Keats’ Romantic Poetry. Essay -- English Lite

Comparing Wordsworth and Keats’ Romantic Poetry. Both Wordsworth and Keats are romantic Poets, they express ideas on nature and send us the message to respect it. They say we have to admire the beauty of nature in different ways. Wordsworh uses simpler language in his poems wether to express simple or complex ideas, by which we understand he aimed his poems to lower classes. Keats instead, uses much more complex language to describe and express his ideas, so we know he aimed his poems to the educated. During the romnatic period, poets would mainly send out the message to admire nature and see the beauty in it. We should fine joy in nature and nature should be our teacher. In the poem â€Å"composed upon Westminster Bridge† Wordsworth makes us all want to see the beauty he saw that morning looking down on the quiet city: â€Å" the beauty of the morning silent, bare†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Meanwhile Keats in â€Å"on the sea† compares the city to the countryside. Both these poems are Sonnets and in iambic pentameter so a regular rhythm is created throughout both poems. The rhyming scheme of â€Å"CUWB† is â€Å"ABBA, ABBA† in the fist few lines just like â€Å"OTS†. The poems differ in the rhyme scheme at the end â€Å"CUWB† is â€Å"CDCDCD† while â€Å"OTS† ends witha rhyme scheme of â€Å"CDEDEC† a more complex scheme reflecting more complex ideas. Throughout the poem Keats repeats some sounds, like echoes in the sea, he creates this effect by by repeating the letter S. Wordsworth uses alliterantion too to emphasise the idea of the cities Majesty. Take, â€Å"sight, so, its† â€Å"houses, seem, asleep† which is designed to persuade us and to create a greater impact on the reader. In â€Å"OTS† Keats uses verbs to create personification throughout the poem â€Å"keeps† makes us think t... ...d for a different effect in â€Å"On the sea†. Wrodsworth has a rhyming scheme of â€Å"ABABCC† to make the sound more flowing. Keats instead has a more complex, furher apart rhyming scheme of â€Å"ABABCDEDECE†. The main message of the poem â€Å"To Autumn† is that autumn is rich, and it is sent out ina more formal way then â€Å"Daffodils† where the message id more personal because it is Wordsworth’s feelings and he sends them straight to you by using often the word â€Å"I† and giving it an endering informality. Both poets send out a similar message in all theur poems for they both wrote in the romantic period and they both believed that nature was more powerful than man, thet we all had to respect it and celebrate the beauty it had created on earth. Perhaps it was his informality and personal approach, and his simpler language, which made Wordsworth mroe popular than Keats.

About the Patients’ Vital Informations

The male patients being dealt with in the case is a 35 year old male who is married. He has been reported to have been involved in drinking since he was 16 years of age.It could be noted that during those years, he developed a certain level of tolerance with the effect of alcohol upon his physical system. Within those years of tolerance, alcohol became medicine-like source of his calmness.He claims in his narration of his experiences that he has normally been alcoholically dependent to the liquor that he drinks until his tolerance grew even weaker that he became much involved with drinking during parties. He admitted having to drink three rounds during parties then later on in the morning, he would still need to have another drink upon waking up to keep his sense back to normal for his job. At first, the seriousness of his tolerance towards the matter has not been recognized at once.However, although he denied telling the physicians with regards his passing out at times, several memo ry problems every now and then, having hepatitis illness, and also having a diminished sexual drive, it cannot be denied that as the years of tolerance prolonged, his ability to perform his responsibilities to his family and his wife as well as his responsibilities in the job accurately diminished as well.Although he continued denying the fact that there are already changes happening within his personal behavior, the symptoms became more and more obvious that it already affected his personal relationships and his reputation as an individual, most likely in terms of his professional life as he continues as an officer in an engineering company.It is undeniable that his personal adjustments needed to be given attention to. Hence, he attended a 28-day in-patient alcohol rehabilitation process and later on continued a three month AA therapy. He was also given a tranquilizer by a physician; however, because of fear of being depended in the medicine, he refused to take the prescription giv en to him.It could be noted through his narration of his past experiences and the progression that he particularly shows with regards his situation proves that he is quite in denial of the fact that he is already having a great tolerance with liquor intake. This effect upon his personal behavior could be noted to have detrimental effects with his personal dealings.This is the reason why it is very important that the said individual be given assistance through professional help. It may be true that he is indeed in denial, but through careful assistance, it is undeniable that the process could still be successful for both the therapist and the patient himself.

Ford Paradigm Shift Essay Example

Ford Paradigm Shift Essay Example Ford Paradigm Shift Essay Ford Paradigm Shift Essay This report alms at critically reviewing, analyzing and evaluating fords present strategy. We will be Identifying the external factors that are impacting on the organization and evaluate why they have led to a paradigm shift. This report will also include our recommendations on how to improve the organizations competitiveness and efficiency. Brief History Ford is a motor company based in Dearborn, Michigan. It is one of the largest industrial corporations in the world with revenues exceeding IEEE billion and over 370,000 employees. They operated In over 200 countries. Although Ford obtained significant revenues and profits from Its financial services subsidiaries, Fords companys basic business still remains the design and manufacture of automobiles and founded by Henry ford. In addition to the Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Gaston Martin in the UK. Ford Introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an Industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines hence I-J subsidiaries which was were sold off to India Data in March 2008. Over the last two decades the competition in the auto industry has grown increasingly and since sass the biggest automakers have seen their home markets encroached upon the expansion of foreign-based auto manufacturers, such as Toyota and Honda. The automobile industry also faced over capacity as developing and industrialized nations began to recognize the wealth and lob-producing effects of automobile manufacturing, encouraged development and expansion of their own export-oriented auto Industries. : Although manufacturers varied in their degree of market presence in different geographical regions, the battle or advantage in the industry was fast becoming global. Ford, faced with the challenges of gaining global presence had to look for a way of improving the quality, and reducing cycle while dramatically lowering the cost of developing and bulling cars. In other to achieve this, Ford acquired Swedes Volvo in 1999 this was a movement towards industry consolidation. In 1995 Ford embarked on another strategic plan of restructuring is management and operations called Ford 2000. The plan saw Fords North American, European and International automotive operations Into a single global organization. The restructure plan called for a massive cost cut through reengineering and globalization of corporate organizations and processes. 1 OF 7 Fords new global approach called for technology to be employed in other to overcome the difficulties brought about by geographical information flow. Teams on different continents needed to be able to work together as if they were in the same building. These in turn have brought about a revolution in Fords information technology; in Ford 2000 restructuring information technology was placed within the process reengineering organization. External Factors Affecting Ford The Ford Motor Company has been facing a steady decline in market share for approximately the past twelve years. This decline is largely attributable to certain factor like consumers Behavior, Economic Factors (Rising Gas and Fuel Prices) and Government Policies / Economic Situation and Environment Need. Consumer Behavior: Ford Motor Company Consumers behavior affects ford production and revenue, this could be seen from the Ford decline of market share where consumers where demanding for more cheap quality cars with less fuel consumption or fuel efficient. This gave their Japanese Toyota who is a competitor an edge because there auto products were known to be fuel efficient than fuel. Ford had suffered serious decline in revenue for the past decades and still effect Ford Production and Management Strategic policies. Economic Factors and Government Policy The Economy is another factor that affects Ford Just like it affects other Automobile Industries. These could also be seen through the unstable price of Gas and Fuel which affects the choice of the Consumers. The Recession, Tax and also have much contribution to the growth, management and operation or production of Ford. Environmental Need: This is another factor that has cost Ford Motor Company some huge amount of assets and money. Ford being known to be environmental friendly does what ever it takes to respond to the need of environment or protect it. They have invested heavily to reduce gas or CO emission hence their solar power plane and the hybrid cars Soot Analysis of Form Motor Company Strength I Diversity:Jaguar, Volvo, Mercury, Lincoln, Mazda, Land Rover Second Largest Auto Maker in the world, Ford Motor Credit I Supportive:Gives generously after Seep 11 attacks,Give generously to fight Breast Cancer, Support racing teams MASCARA, Formula 1 etc). 4th on the global 500 list. I Quality:Strong and Quality Productions of the worlds best known brands. Modern Technology e. G. Hybrid Cars. Web strategy has cut car build costs as much as IEEE per car I Weakness I Firestone tire recall which caused stock price to suffer ,3. 5 billion to cover tire recalls. I Disharmony in Management leading to Bill Ford taking over as CEO. I High fuel consumption cars. Shortage of Cash reserve. I Opportunity I More environmentally friendlessness Power, clean the environment and cleaner engine emissions. I Generosity:Given more to charities I Investment in Solar Power very throng chance to become a market leader. They can use their web strategy to cut cost further. I Threat I Competition in Automobile industry is very high I Recession is great Low to For a The paradigm shift. I stoutest products Like natural gas, electricity, water etc. Ford like most other high profile automotive industry has witness paradigm shift in their various stages of their existence and production which we consider to have been as a result of changes in technology, market competition, consumer behavior and regulation from Government. These in turn has been responded by Ford Motor which obviously affected it positively or negatively there by leading to either a new era of technology or product or management changes. Technology Technology has the potentials of changing in lesser time than many other things. In Ford, the development of feature for comfort like Air condition, Heater, etc shifted Ford Automobile technology from the simple vintage cars to more luxury with currently unlimited features www. Overlord. Com/PDF/Deathwatches_BP_report. PDF Consumers Behavior The choices of Consumers have also lead to certain level of shift in Ford Production. These could be seen from general demand for Fuel Economy Care. The demand for fuel economy cars has affected Ford that it has to respond by cutting down the rate of their fuel consumption Just like the need for more Automatic gearing system vehicles has lead Ford to shifting from Manual handling to Automatic. Environmental Need Environmental need has lead Ford to complying with Cafe © and CO Emission Regulation which obvious is leading to a new shift of Technology and production hence the new Ford Fusion and Hybrid cars Economic Position and Government Policy The need also to reduce the Gas (CO) Emission has lead to certain Regulation by Government which is leading to a shift in technology like the environmental need. Ford has adopted a strategy that focus on CO Emission reduction and regulation which ultimately has lead to the production of Ford Fusion 2010 (Hybrid Cars). Market (Demand and Supply) Ford like other automotive industry remains concern over the unstable prices of oil and fuel which has influenced the choice for cars with fuel economy or efficient. These gave Japanese Auto Industries like Toyota an edge over Ford that Ford has lost some its market share to its competitor whose production technology and high fuel efficient cars products has been in high demand. The lost of market shares has lead to lost of revenue and in effect has created or added more problem to Ford. In an effort to address this, new strategic policies has been strategists by the new CEO Alan Manually that focused on cost cutting and consumers / market demand responsive approach. This has seen a new shift in Ford where for example new Hybrid Car Technology is available which still keeps the competitive edge of Ford and increases its market share product. For Hybrid Fusion Ford Monde Fuel Car Forays Present strategy an a ten Review Ford being a multinational company has been faced with challenges and factors ranging from internal and external, environment, technology advancement, competition, government policies etc and these entire factors has not been without either negative or positive effect. These factors have lead to either improvement or change of plans or strategy to achieve its vision. This plans or strategy is very vital to the well being of organization. No organization has existed without making the management of these policies or plan know as Strategic Management. Many authors have written on strategic management. Alfred D. Chandler (1962) defined it as the determination of the basic long time goals and the objectives of an enterprise, and the adoption of courses of action and the relocation of resources necessary for carrying out these goals. According to G. A Cole (2004, IPPP) Chandler sees strategy as combined goal setting and the planning / action elements required to achieve goals. Kenneth Andrews in his work combined goal- setting with the policies and plans needed to achieve the goal. G. A Cole (2004, IPPP). He distinguished between corporate strategies which defined the businesses the organization is to compete tit. H. L Anions point of view separated goal or what he called objectives from strategy however, he envisaged a relationship between the two in which an objectives (end) is followed by strategy (means) which is evaluated and may lead to a revision of the original objective (ibid). He argued that here typed of decision need to be made and they are, Strategic, Administrative and operating decision. Andrews view that literature of organization theory is by itself of very little use in managing a live organization according to J. Moor (1992 up). And that case studies resent, not illustrations of principle, but data from which generalization may to a limited degree be derived and to which the idea of strategy may be applied is very paramount when considering Ford strategic Management policies and Plane. Ford Motors considered Strategic Management policies / plane as the life wire to existence hence its clear Vision, Mission and Value definition which they called: Our Vision, Our Mission, and Our Value. This serves as a standard by which they could judge or be Judged Our vision: to become the worlds leading company for automotive products and services. Our mission: we are a globally diverse family, with a proud heritage, thats passionately committed to providing outstanding products and services. Our values: we do the right thing for our people, our environment and our society, but above all for our customers or personal mobility for everyone around the globe. Www. Ford. Co. UK/Abductors/Confrontational The (above) has been a frame work by which Ford had recorded its long time success history. They anticipate consumer needs and deliver high quality products and services that will help improve the lives of the people around them (Ford Motor Co. , 2005, April 27). The current President and the CEO Mr.. Manually have made a new innovative and result achieving oriented move in strategist the strategic policies aimed at repositioning, turning Ford around and creating a global multi-national corporation that is self-sustaining and viable according to Ford official online report following the negative effect of the recession on Ford Motor Company. To accomplish these, significant changes were made as and in the strategic Management Polices wanly was Disloyally on Ana Includes developing Ana sustaining a competitive advantage for the goods and services that are produced. At the equines level, Fords strategy formulation phase should deal with positioning the company against rivals, anticipating changes in demand and technologies and then adjusting the strategy to accommodate them, and influencing the nature of competition by strategic actions such as vertical integration and through political actions such as lobbying. Ford developed strategies for cost leadership, differentiation, and focus to create a competitive advantage. Ford recommitted itself to sustainable and profitable growth, to a renewed focus on customers, and to boundless innovation in everything they do: from design, to safety, to fuel-efficiency, o efficiency on the factory floors. They are using their size to accelerate change, and build a culture that encourages fresh new thinking and breakthrough ideas. They concentrated on improving their core automotive business and divested several non- core companies, lowered costs, refocused financial operations on supporting the automotive business and launched the biggest wave of new products in history. To strengthen the balance sheet and cut costs, Ford sold The Hertz Corporation and restructured its agreement with Visited, their parts supplier spin-off. Http:// www. Papers. Mom/sub]sects/strategic-management-and-business-policy-ford-motor- company-page. HTML. However, the strategy has found no whole or basic place with the previous Six Sigma Management Rule based Strategy . The Six Sigma Management Rule seeks to improve the quality of process outputs by identifying and removing the causes of defects and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes. Ford and Alan Manually have done an outstanding Job however, the biggest challenge lies ahead in continuing to keep his management team and employees focused, whilst managing others expectations at the same time. Part of the strategy is a policy on Environment which contributed to stabilizing the climate by considering reducing long-term emission. Ford reported that they will achieve this goal by continuously reducing the GOGH emissions and energy usage of their operations, developing more products that lower GOGH-emissions, and establishing an effective and predictable market policy and technological framework for reducing road transport GOGH emissions. Another one of their goals is to promote the development of an infrastructure that will expand the use of bio-fuels and help reduce our dependence on oil. One more goal of theirs is to cut the usage of global energy by 27% and the usage of water by 25% which they have been working on since 2000. Some of their major timeshare targets they are currently working on to contribute to the climate are to reduce North American facility emissions by 6% by 2010, voluntarily offset 2007 and 2008 CO emissions from manufacturing facilities, and reduce U. S. Facility emissions by 10% per vehicle produced by 2012. Http:// company-page. HTML The new strategy has no doubt paid off going by the Ford 2009 financial report that Ford Motor Corporation made $2. Billion, the first after about four years and without taken any federal loan. Www. Unpredictabilitys. Mom/ industry-focus/world-class-operations/ford-CEO-Alan-manually-turnaround-specialist Recommendation After reviewing the current strategic policies Ford adopted, it is easy to see that they are Touching on tenet products, as tenet Dragon name Is tenet Deluges strength a very strong brand name as well. But their policy might not go far enough in preparing for the future in terms of alternate, greener fuels. The importance of this sector w ill become paramount in the near future especially with more competition ND as well as the situation in the Middle East if this deteriorates and oil crisis develops then Ford will lose out. In other to achieve the above mentioned objectives, it is pretty obvious that Ford cannot only rely on their strength they have to think about the future which is more and more technological evolutions taking place hereby increasing the competitors in the automobile industries. Japanese competitors such as Honda are well advanced in developing hybrid engines and new fuel sources and in retrenching to cut costs and focusing inwards, Ford are in danger of missing out on the bigger world market picture. So we would recommend a strategic thinking with more emphasis being put on emerging technologies. With campaigns and slogans that stresses Fords position as a leading world company and at the fore front of development of a greener, cleaner future. This would also help to negate a little bit of the boring image people have of the company. Another strategic thinking I would recommend is the Total Quality Management (TXT) based on Redefined Six Sigma Rule. It was developed in the sass and has been employed by companies to help manage qualities through various processes. TXT is another approach to improving effectiveness, competitiveness, efficiency and flexibility in order to best suit customer needs. Globalization in the world right now means consumers are first in every aspect. There is so much competition at the moment which can only mean one thing consumers have more options and so without smart thinking and planning Ford could easily lose out on the bigger world market picture. Total quality Management is broken down like this: T: quality involves everyone and every activities taking place in the organization Q: Conformance to Requirements (Meeting Customer Requirements). M: Quality can and must be managed. The process of TXT involves various responsibilities such as; meeting customer satisfaction and requirements, reducing time, demand flow manufacturing, improvement teams, reducing costs of service and cost, and improving training. TXT has been successful at reducing costs and improving quality at several companies. Ford Motor Company, Toyota Motor Company and Motorola are Just a few of the major companies who have used the TXT process. By using TXT it will also help Ford to divert attention from the recent history of in-fighting within the organization cause TXT involves that everyone is in the same boat heading in the same direction. Conclusion Ford Like we pointed at above is one of the largest Automobile Industry who has made name and based globally, It has had a decline in revenue and Market share for some years now, these are attributable to certain factor ranging from Consumers behavior, Technology Environmental need, Economic situation etc. These factors that have affected Ford have in some extent lead to another era of management or Production (Paradigm Shift). Ford management has called for a drastic measure that saw ten emergence AT ten new CEO Mr..

Free Essays on Howard Hughes

Howard Hughes Throughout the 20th century, it has been the media’s job to pinpoint what events and people would prove to be an effective story. This was certainly the case for Howard R. Hughes. Son to the wealthy Howard Hughes Sr., Howard became the interest of the American people and newspapers for most of his life. Being deemed one of the most famous men of the mid-20th century was greatly attributed to Hughes’s skills as an industrialist, aviator, and motion-picture producer combined with his enormous wealth, intellect, and achievement. The media thrived on Howard’s unusual and sometimes scandalous life, especially in his later years when newspapers would frequently front large amounts of money to get stories on Hughes. Howard was also associated with what has been called one of the greatest publishing hoaxes in history. Howard Hughes Sr., commonly known as Big Howard, was a graduate of the Harvard School of Law, yet never once appeared before a court of law. Big Howard spent the first 36 years of his life chasing money across the Texas plains, as a wildcatter and a speculator in oil leases, working hard enough and earning just enough to move on to another, hopefully more fortunate gamble. In the year of his marriage, Big Howard sold leases on land that proved to have $50,000 in oil beneath it. He promptly took his new wife to Europe for a honeymoon, and returned exactly $50,000 poorer. In 1908, Big Howard turned his ingenuity and his hobby to tinker into good fortune. Current drilling technology was unable to penetrate the thick rock of southwest Texas and oilmen could only extract the surface layers of oil, unable to tap the vast resources that lay far below. Big Howard came up with the idea for a rolling bit, with 166 cutting edges and invented a method to keep the bit lubricated as it tore away at the rock. Later that year, Big Howard produced a model and went into business with his leasing partner, Walter ... Free Essays on Howard Hughes Free Essays on Howard Hughes Howard Hughes Throughout the 20th century, it has been the media’s job to pinpoint what events and people would prove to be an effective story. This was certainly the case for Howard R. Hughes. Son to the wealthy Howard Hughes Sr., Howard became the interest of the American people and newspapers for most of his life. Being deemed one of the most famous men of the mid-20th century was greatly attributed to Hughes’s skills as an industrialist, aviator, and motion-picture producer combined with his enormous wealth, intellect, and achievement. The media thrived on Howard’s unusual and sometimes scandalous life, especially in his later years when newspapers would frequently front large amounts of money to get stories on Hughes. Howard was also associated with what has been called one of the greatest publishing hoaxes in history. Howard Hughes Sr., commonly known as Big Howard, was a graduate of the Harvard School of Law, yet never once appeared before a court of law. Big Howard spent the first 36 years of his life chasing money across the Texas plains, as a wildcatter and a speculator in oil leases, working hard enough and earning just enough to move on to another, hopefully more fortunate gamble. In the year of his marriage, Big Howard sold leases on land that proved to have $50,000 in oil beneath it. He promptly took his new wife to Europe for a honeymoon, and returned exactly $50,000 poorer. In 1908, Big Howard turned his ingenuity and his hobby to tinker into good fortune. Current drilling technology was unable to penetrate the thick rock of southwest Texas and oilmen could only extract the surface layers of oil, unable to tap the vast resources that lay far below. Big Howard came up with the idea for a rolling bit, with 166 cutting edges and invented a method to keep the bit lubricated as it tore away at the rock. Later that year, Big Howard produced a model and went into business with his leasing partner, Walter ...

The Mission for TNT Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 37

The Mission for TNT - Case Study Example According to the paper, the major objective of TNT is to deliver a superior customer experience with sophisticated technology in their operations. The mission, vision and objectives of a company always vary, and it depends with the services or goods being provided and also the size of the organization. The mission of PEKU contractors based in Qatar is development of a better, safer and conservative built environment. Their major aim is to come up with eco-friendly buildings and minimize the cost of construction. Their objective is to come up with sustainable construction methods and build eco-friendly structures. A business strategy refers to the ways and means through which an organization sets  out  to achieve its objectives. An organization categorizes its goals in order of priority in order to develop ways of achieving the all the goals. After identifying the crucial goals, a strategy map is developed. A strategy map is a diagram containing the strategic goals of an organizat ion. A strategy map helps an organization identify the territories with the best returns and hence the organization is able to develop a strategy to exploit the territories. It creates the basis of developing a competitive advantage which is beneficial in achievement of goals. It guides the organization in deciding which goods and services to produce in order to achieve the set aims and objectives.  The overall strategy of TNT has great emphasis on satisfying the needs of the customers. Their strategy defines the relationship of all the parties involved and how they will cooperate in achieving the goals of the organization. TNT strategy focuses on achieving its goals, satisfying the customers and coming up with ways that will make the customers stick to their services.

Current State of the Indian Economy Research Paper

Current State of the Indian Economy - Research Paper Example The country focused on fulfilling the local demand and through the process was able to recover from the economic crises (CIA, 2013). CPI (Cost Price Index): Year Average CPI 1970 5.09% 1971 3.07% 1972 6.43% 1973 16.79% 1974 28.52% 1975 6.62% 1976 -7.57% 1977 8.31% 1978 2.54% 1979 6.23% 1980 11.38% 1981 13.11% 1982 7.93% 1983 11.83% 1984 8.43% 1985 5.55% 1986 8.72% 1987 8.79% 1988 9.39% 1989 7.11% 1990 8.92% 1991 13.88% 1992 11.88% 1993 6.31% 1994 10.24% 1995 10.22% 1996 8.98% 1997 7.25% 1998 13.17% 1999 4.84% 2000 4.02% 2001 3.77% 2002 4.31% 2003 3.81% 2004 3.77% 2005 4.25% 2006 5.79% 2007 6.39% 2008 8.32% 2009 10.83% 2010 12.11% (Inflation.eu, 2013) Inflation rate of the country has varied since 1970s. As seen in the graph the CPI value was the highest in the year of 1974 and was the lowest in 1976. The reason for such a dramatic increase in the country’s CPI value was mainly due to the 1971 conflict of the country with its neighboring country Pakistan. As a result of the war inflation rate in the two countries significantly increased. The same reason can be given for the dramatic decrease in the inflation rate during the time period of May 1976 (The Economist, 2012). The country’s CPI is considered one of the highest in the world and is also considered as the second highest amongst the major economic countries. Inflation has been one of the major concerns of the country with the government trying to develop reforms to manage inflation rates within the country. Prices of goods consumed on a daily basis have significantly increased over the years. With the continuous rise in inflation of the country many experts fear that high inflation rates within the country might lead to a wage spiral within the country (The...This paper offers a comprehensive review of the recent developments in the Indian economy, which is regarded by many economists as a country with a huge growth potential. In order to become one of the leading economic superpower, the cou ntry has to overcome a number of hurdles. These obstacles are complicated and initiatives are needed by the government, industrialists and people alike to work for the progress of the country. The GDP of the country has remained constant over the years with little or no fluctuations occurring. The GDP of the country has seen a sharp increase in recent times mainly due to the measures taken by the government of the country. These measures helped India overcome the economic crisis Cost Price Index of the country has varied over the years with the highest and lowest CPI rates occurring within two years of each other. Inflation has been one of the greatest challenges that the country has to face. With a constant rise in the inflation rates basic commodities within the country are becoming more and more expensive. The government of the country is trying to implement measures that would control inflation rate within the country. Unemployment is a hurdle in the country’s progress. The recent financial crisis have left a large population of the country unemployed. Job opportunities within the country are hard to find and the job creation rate is also on the decline. The government is trying to bring investment back into the country to help job creation within the country.